Verilog · Beginners · Interview notes: how I answered a question about the verilog-newbie concurrency model

1.4K
VEr/verilog-newbie·posted by chen_dev·32 minutes agoTooling

Interview notes: how I answered a question about the verilog-newbie concurrency model

It took me two weeks of on-and-off digging and plenty of wrong turns. Writing the process down as it happened so the next person spends less time.

-- The query that broke: a full scan over 20M rows.
-- A composite index took P99 from 1.8s down to 42ms.
SELECT id, title, created_at
  FROM posts
 WHERE community_id = ?
   AND status = 1
 ORDER BY score DESC
 LIMIT 20;

One last trap: in container environments remember to adjust the memory-related parameters in step. Otherwise the host limit and the process expectation disagree, and the symptom is intermittent, unreproducible failure.

We also fixed monitoring along the way: replaced average-based alerts with percentiles and split them per endpoint. False alerts dropped by about seventy percent and the on-call rotation visibly cheered up.

What genuinely surprised me was the tail. The average looked great while P99 jumped by an order of magnitude past some threshold. The cause was not verilog-newbie itself but our upstream connection reuse — the load test traffic was too clean and hid the long-tail requests.

The first thing was to collapse the variables. We were changing config and upgrading the version at the same time, and afterwards nobody could say which change caused what. We rolled back to moving one variable at a time, re-ran three times, and only then did the curve settle. Tedious, but not skippable.

734 comments

734 comments

· first 120 loaded
M
Ttang_haoOP·2 days ago

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

465
Sslow_query·2 days agoedited

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

438
Kkite·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

1
Sslow_query·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

426
Sslow_query·2 days ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

417
Sswoole_lee·2 days ago

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

406
Zzhu_zong·2 days ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

36
Ttang_hao·2 days agoedited

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

334
Lli_ming·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

329
Kkernel_panic·2 days ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

489
Bbob_chen·2 days ago

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

337
Mmike_xu·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

395
Sslow_query·3 minutes ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

355
Zzhou_yi·2 hours ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

390
Kkernel_panic·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

353
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

336
Nnikic·12 minutes ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

330
Lli_ming·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

201
Cchen_dev·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

329
Ddev_zhouOP·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

266
Bbob_chen·yesterday

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

303
Rrase·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

293
Rran_bo·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

279
Cchen_devOP·2 days ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

333
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

266
Bbob_chen·2 days agoedited

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

257
Wwinter·2 days ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

228
Mmike_xu·2 days ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

360
Bbob_chen·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

95
Kkernel_panic·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

114
Ttang_hao·2 days ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

250
Lli_ming·just now

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

246
Lli_ming·just now

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

2
Sslow_query·2 days ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

213
Cchen_devMod·2 days ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

5
Sslow_query·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

3
Sswoole_lee·2 hours ago

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

28
Bbob_chen·2 days agoedited

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

247
Llinlin·28 minutes ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

2
Lli_ming·2 days ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

206
Bbob_chenOP·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

240
Aalice_dev·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

491
Lli_mingMod·2 days ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

179
KkiteOP·2 days ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

106
Kkite·1 hour ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

134
Zzhu_zongOP·3 minutes ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

266
Bbob_chen·2 days ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

75
Cchen_dev·2 days ago

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

3
Sswoole_lee·2 days agoedited

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

133
NnikicOP·2 days ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

195
Rrase·12 minutes ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

127
Oops_wang·3 minutes ago

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

123
Llinlin·2 days ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

393
Cchen_dev·2 days agoedited

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

186
Ttang_hao·12 minutes ago

One counter-example: below verilog-newbie 7.4 the semantics of that code are different, so do not copy it verbatim. We got burned in staging and rolled back once.

209
Hhuang_ke·just now

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

491
Hhuang_ke·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

473
Ttang_hao·3 minutes ago

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

383
Rran_bo·2 days agoLevel 6

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

418
Mmike_xu·2 days ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

248
Rrase·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

251
Ttang_hao·2 days ago

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

202
Lli_ming·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

349
Sslow_queryOP·2 days ago

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

1
Hhuang_ke·2 days agoLevel 6

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

383
Sslow_query·2 days agoLevel 6

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

147
KkiteOP·2 days agoLevel 6

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

33
Oops_wang·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

125
Lli_ming·1 hour ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

1
Mmike_xu·1 hour ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

28
Kkernel_panic·2 days ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

2
Rran_bo·3 minutes ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

120
Bbob_chen·28 minutes agoedited

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

300
Ttang_hao·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

1
Aalice_dev·5 hours ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

1
Rran_bo·2 days agoedited

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

10
Sslow_query·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

417
NnikicMod·3 minutes ago

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

379
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

378
Sslow_query·just now

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

111
NnikicOP·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

1
Wwinter·1 hour ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

493
Zzhu_zong·2 days ago

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

36
Ttang_hao·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

2
Bbob_chen·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

354
Sswoole_lee·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

39
Zzhu_zong·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

183
Ttang_hao·2 days agoLevel 6

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

79
Kkite·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

9
Rran_bo·2 days agoedited

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

17
Rrase·2 days ago

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

266
Wwinter·5 hours ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

7
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

Sharing our numbers, 8 cores 16GB, same scenario:

| Concurrency | P50 | P99 |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | 12ms | 88ms |
| 500 | 31ms | 340ms |

P99 clearly collapses at 500 concurrency, which lines up with your knee point.

1
Oops_wang·just now

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

111
Rrase·28 minutes ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

70
Sslow_query·yesterday

There is actually a simpler fix that needs no architecture change: move this check up to the gateway and the problem disappears. The cost is one extra lookup at the gateway.

61
Mmike_xu·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

60
Bbob_chen·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

49
Sslow_query·2 days ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

40
RraseOP·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

12
Ddev_zhou·2 days ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

412
Aalice_devOP·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

12
Wwinter·2 days ago

We have run this in production for two years without hitting it. That said, we never reached this scale, so our experience is not really evidence here.

33
Cchen_dev·2 days ago

Thanks for sharing real numbers — far more useful than the articles that only cover concepts.

26
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

12
Ttang_hao·2 days ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

11
Bbob_chen·3 minutes ago

This matches what we see in production. We only hit it past 3k QPS; the earlier load tests showed nothing — the test traffic was too clean, with no long-tail requests.

8
Aalice_dev·2 hours ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

6
RraseOP·2 hours ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

307
Zzhou_yi·2 days ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

149
Wwinter·2 days ago

I see point 3 differently. The trade-off depends on your read/write ratio: read-heavy with little writing means caching actually widens the inconsistency window.

457
Sslow_queryOP·2 days ago

Can you give a minimal reproduction? I ran it locally for ten minutes and could not reproduce on macOS with the latest version.

38
Ddev_zhou·2 days ago

A question: what changes in a container with a 512Mi memory limit? That is how we run it in production.

3
Bbob_chen·5 hours agoedited

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

3
Lli_ming·2 days ago

I just read the verilog-newbie source — the author actually explains the reasoning in a comment, roughly "so that it degrades into predictable behaviour in extreme cases".

159
Wwinter·2 days ago

Agreeing with the above. One addition: with this option enabled the GC count in your metrics doubles, so adjust the alert threshold at the same time or it will keep firing.

2
Hhuang_ke·2 days ago

Has anyone run a controlled experiment? I did, reducing it to a single variable, and the difference was 4% — within noise. So I suspect the main cause is something else.

10
Rran_bo·2 days ago

Saved. I am reworking this area this week — this saves a lot of wrong turns.

284
Wwinter·28 minutes ago

This is not a verilog-newbie problem, it is a usage problem. The docs say this API is not thread-safe and you must lock around it yourself.

1
Zzhu_zong·2 hours ago

Worth learning from this debugging approach. We went straight at the logs and took a much longer route.

1

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